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| technology:unix:useful_commands 03.15.2010 10:12 | technology:unix:useful_commands 03.18.2013 05:53 current | ||
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| ====== Useful commands ====== | ====== Useful commands ====== | ||
| <code shell> | <code shell> | ||
| - | top ; shows running processes; 'c' = see process details; 'q' = quit; '1' = show processor cores; 'k' = kill a process | + | = Performance = |
| + | top ; shows running processes; | ||
| + | 'c' = see process details; '1' = show processor cores; 'k' = kill a process | ||
| + | 'A' = show many windows; 'a,w' = navigate windows; 'z' = color; 'x' = highlight sort col | ||
| + | shift-w = save it too your .toprc | ||
| + | = Finding Stuff = | ||
| + | find / -name "file_name" -print ; find file name from root directory path (/) | ||
| + | find . -user root ; find files owned by root user, in current directory (.) | ||
| + | locate -i fstab ; find file name in database that keeps track of filenames | ||
| + | find . -type f -user zenoss -name "*.py" -exec grep -il "blah" {} \; | ||
| + | ; find text "blah" in .py files belonging to zenoss user | ||
| + | locate Data.fs | xargs ls -l ; xargs to pipe results of one command to another | ||
| + | find ./ -name '*py' | xargs grep signal ; Find string "signal" inside text of .py files; xargs looks inside the files instead of at the file name | ||
| + | grep -ir "timeout" . ; find the string "timeout" in any file below the current dir | ||
| + | |||
| + | = Various = | ||
| screen ; lets you share screens with other people | screen ; lets you share screens with other people | ||
| nano ; text editor that lets you use modern keyboard keys | nano ; text editor that lets you use modern keyboard keys | ||
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| wget <http url> ; download a file from the web | wget <http url> ; download a file from the web | ||
| sar ; system activity reporter | sar ; system activity reporter | ||
| - | find / -name "file_name" -print ; find file name from root directory path (/) | ||
| - | find . -user root ; find files owned by root user, in current directory (.) | ||
| - | locate -i fstab ; find file name in database that keeps track of filenames | ||
| - | find . -type f -user zenoss -name "*.py" -exec grep -il "blah" {} \; | ||
| - | ; find text "blah" in .py files belonging to zenoss user | ||
| - | locate Data.fs | xargs ls -l ; xargs to pipe results of one command to another | ||
| - | |||
| du -k ~ | more ; show disk usage (useful for over quota) for home directory | du -k ~ | more ; show disk usage (useful for over quota) for home directory | ||
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| - | File System Manipulation | + | = File System Manipulation = |
| fuser -m /dev/md0 ; shows processes being used by device | fuser -m /dev/md0 ; shows processes being used by device | ||
| lsof /media/documents/ ; show list of files open | lsof /media/documents/ ; show list of files open | ||
| lsof / | grep media ; in case above doesnt work, lsof seems to work better on root and then grep it out for what you need | lsof / | grep media ; in case above doesnt work, lsof seems to work better on root and then grep it out for what you need | ||
| + | lsof +D /var/log/ ; list of files open under the given directory (recursive) (use +d for non-recurse) | ||
| - | Network Information | + | = Network Information = |
| nslookup 10.175.211.10 ; reverse DNS lookup; gives the hostname associated with the IP | nslookup 10.175.211.10 ; reverse DNS lookup; gives the hostname associated with the IP | ||
| host -a www.google.com ; DNS lookup; gives IP associated with the hostname (verbose) | host -a www.google.com ; DNS lookup; gives IP associated with the hostname (verbose) | ||
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| tcpdump port 80 or port 443 ; shows traffic in and out on http and https | tcpdump port 80 or port 443 ; shows traffic in and out on http and https | ||
| echo “newhostname” > /proc/sys/kernel/hostname ; set new hostname on CentOS / RedHat | echo “newhostname” > /proc/sys/kernel/hostname ; set new hostname on CentOS / RedHat | ||
| + | netstat -rn ; routing table | ||
| - | Package Management | + | = Package Management = |
| rpm -qa ; Packages installed on system | rpm -qa ; Packages installed on system | ||
| + | rpm -qa | grep httpd* ; See if httpd is installed | ||
| + | yum list installed httpd ; See if httpd is installed | ||
| yum provides /etc/fstab ; name of the package which contains a particular file | yum provides /etc/fstab ; name of the package which contains a particular file | ||
| yum list ; lists information about available packages | yum list ; lists information about available packages | ||
| yum install gnote ; install gnote and all its dependancies | yum install gnote ; install gnote and all its dependancies | ||
| + | patch < /patch/to/apply.diff | ||
| + | patch -R --dry-run --verbose < patch.diff ; undo / backout a patch | ||
| + | yast ; opensolaris / SLES package manager | ||
| </code> | </code> | ||